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Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, by Anthony Damasio

Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, by Anthony Damasio



Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, by Anthony Damasio

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Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, by Anthony Damasio

Since Descartes famously proclaimed, "I think, therefore I am," science has often overlooked emotions as the source of a person’s true being. Even modern neuroscience has tended, until recently, to concentrate on the cognitive aspects of brain function, disregarding emotions. This attitude began to change with the publication of Descartes’ Error in 1995. Antonio Damasio—"one of the world’s leading neurologists" (The New York Times)—challenged traditional ideas about the connection between emotions and rationality. In this wondrously engaging book, Damasio takes the reader on a journey of scientific discovery through a series of case studies, demonstrating what many of us have long suspected: emotions are not a luxury, they are essential to rational thinking and to normal social behavior.

  • Sales Rank: #16637 in Books
  • Brand: Damasio, Antonio R.
  • Published on: 2005-09-27
  • Released on: 2005-09-27
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 7.70" h x .60" w x 5.10" l, .50 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 336 pages

From Publishers Weekly
In an important, gracefully written exploration of the neurochemical basis of mind, neurologist Damasio rejects the Cartesian notion of the human mind as a thinking organ more or less separate from bodily processes. Emotions and feelings, he argues, are essential to reasoning and decision-making. The human brain, he further contends, has a specialized region in the frontal lobes for making personal and social decisions, and this region works in concert with deeper brain centers that store emotional memories. To support this controversial claim, Damasio draws on his work with brain-injured patients at the University of Iowa College of Medicine, and also cites the case of Phineas Gage, a Vermont railway foreman who lost his ethical faculties after an explosion in 1848 drove a metal rod through his skull. Damasio's exciting investigation challenges the fashionable metaphor of the mind as a software program. Interested readers are also referred to Richard Restak's The Modular Brain (Nonfiction Forecasts, June 13). Illustrations. 50,000 first printing; QPB alternate; Library of Science selection.
Copyright 1994 Reed Business Information, Inc.

From Library Journal
The idea that the mind exists as a distinct entity from the body has profoundly influenced Western culture since Descartes proclaimed, "I think, therefore I am." Damasio, head of neurology at the University of Iowa and a prominent researcher on human brain function, challenges this premise in a fascinating and well-reasoned argument on the central role that emotion and feelings play in human rationality. According to Damasio, the same brain structures regulate both human biology and behavior and are indispensable to normal cognitive processes. Damasio demonstrates how patients (his own as well as the 19th-century railroad worker Nicholas Gage) with prefrontal cortical damage can no longer generate the emotions necessary for effective decision-making. A gifted scientist and writer, Damasio combines an Oliver Sack-like reportage with the presentation of complex, theoretical issues in neurobiology. Recommended for wide purchase.
Laurie Bartolini, Legislative Research, Springfield, Ill.
Copyright 1994 Reed Business Information, Inc.

From Booklist
Pioneering scientist Damasio's international reputation is based on his explorations into the neurology of vision, memory, and language. His influence will extend far beyond the parameters of the scientific community with this marvelously lucid and engaging presentation of his innovative ideas about the interconnectedness of mind and body. Damasio begins with some dramatic case histories of people who have survived brain damage without severe physical impairment only to experience bizarre degradations of personality and thought processes. He explains these puzzling maladies by analyzing the various systems at work in the brain, from those associated with life support to the highest echelon of cognition. After discussing how emotions and feelings are expressed by the bodypounding heart, trembling hands, blushingDamasio launches into one of his main themes: how essential emotions are to our ability to reason and make decisions. As he illuminates numerous ways the body and the mind work together to process stimuli, draw upon memory, and fuel thought and judgment, Damasio convinces us that the self is a perpetually recreated neurobiological state. Descartes' error, then, was his belief that the mind and body are separate entities. On the contrary, Damasio tells us, their continual collaboration is the key to consciousness and individuality. Donna Seaman

Most helpful customer reviews

5 of 5 people found the following review helpful.
A look at Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain
By Matthew Miller
After reading Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason, and the Human Brain, I wanted to give an overview of the book, and insight on how to go about reading it. First off, I would suggest this book to anyone who thinks that they are a logical thinker and decision maker that does not let emotion interfere with their decisions. Damasio uses case studies prolifically to support his hypotheses that the mind and body cannot be separated and are in fact an integrated unit.

If you are interested in reading about topics dealing with the mind, and this is the first book that you are choosing to read it will more than likely be a challenging one. Damasio uses numerous of anatomical names for structures and disease names within his book. If you are not familiar with the brain you will be constantly going to Wikipedia or Google to figure out what exactly he is talking about. I would highly suggest starting off with a different book that simply goes over the brain in general before tackling this one. While Descartes' Error can be informative it is much more enlightening and enjoyable if you already know the jargon. That way you will not have to stop reading every other paragraph to go online and look up terms.

The book itself is divided up into three parts. The first part looks into older case studies where people suffered brain injuries and after "recovery" had a change in both their personality and decision making ability. The most notable one is of Phineas Gage who had an iron rod go through his head and damage his frontal cortex. From this injury he had the symptoms listed above for the rest of his life. The second part of the book looks into explanations for why injuries such as the ones listed in the first part effect both decision making and personality. The final part of the book delves into ways to test these explanations and Damasio ends the book by giving an explicit explanation as to what he believes Descartes' Error was in regards to the books topic of the mind and body. For those who do not know who Descartes you will probably know a very famous quote by him, "I think therefore I am". He was a famous philosopher and mathematician from France. It would be beneficial to read the Wikipedia page on him before starting this book as well.

As I have stated before this book can be very dense and labor intensive to read if you have never taken a neuroscience course or read any books on the brain before. Some sections will have to be read over a few times for the information to sink in and really make sense. Damasio includes asides throughout the book on various topics and ideas that he mentions in the main text. These blurbs while helpful are generally where you are going to feel the most confused. The topics that he discusses in these asides, like Phrenology, have whole books written on them, and Damasio only has a few paragraphs on the topic. He tries to get as much information in as possible, and you can feel like your in over your head because the it is just that dense.

All in all for books on the brain I would say that this is a must read. Damasio presents plausible hypotheses and does a good job supporting them. The thing that I like most is both at the beginning and end of the book he makes sure to mention that what he has stated are just hypotheses and that they are not facts. They are conjectures. The field of neurobiology does not have all the answers, so while his hypotheses seem to fit they are not the end all and be all.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Beautifully written for the layperson without dumbing down the message
By euphoric30
Everyone should read this book. What Damasio has to tell us about the role of emotion in our reasoning process is fascinating and profoundly important, especially in our culture that wrongly teaches us that the two are separate and that engaging emotions in the reasoning process is a fault of logic. Beautifully written for the layperson without dumbing down the message.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
A book that deserves to be like a (king) among other books, though i rated it four and not five.
By victor ayoube
This is a very valuable book, which i read last year from the library and i decided recently to buy and keep, it is a very important book. The problem was that what I got was not the same and that was my fault. The one from the library was
big , thick and hard cover. It didn't matter cause the same subjects.I am not in a position to debate or question any of the subjects in the book. I don'tg have that education for and iwas happy to learn a lot. The reason i decided to keep a book like that at home, because i went through things in life and with meditation and some focusing about my life
and the life of others, i came up in 1986 with a belief that what i knew about Descart, in school and and when i was young , was not a correct sentence, to say the least. I did not have that kind of education to argue a man like him but my walk with God had taught me alot and i knew he was wrong, and i waited a long time to find a way to prove it.
W hen i saw that book (Descart's Error) in a bookstore, i was surprised and decided to read it . It is , no doubt , a book that should be kept at home and the four , not five stars is not because the book is not valuable enough
but because, in my opinion , though a scientist thinks , speaks and writes as a scientist , a true scientist , should leave a space, even one percent, to a potential reality that may still exist within the circle of impossibility. I am sorry for this lengthy opinion but the issue of( I think , therefore I am ) became the backbone of my own study and research and the book with all due respect to the author never discussed the phrase itself. I......Think........Therefore......I am. What is "I", what is thinking, what is Am, and where did Therefore come from and to be pushed in the middle.If you cannot tell me what "I" is ,what think is , what am is, then how can you tell me Therefore I am???! That is why four stars instead of five and thank you for reading this long (opinion!!!!).

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